Application of serum procalcitonin test in diagnosis of neonatal bacterial infectious diseases / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of procalcitonin(PCT) in bacterial infectious diseases for newborns . Methods Using enzyme‐linked immune fluorescence analysis technology to determine PCT of 90 samples of neonatal serum .The Observation group(48 cases) and control group(42 cases) were grouped according to the gold standard which were microbial cul‐ture result of sterile body fluid and clinical diagnosis .Recorded the values of PCT ,WBC ,CRP and IL‐6 detected in the same period , then calculate the sensitivity and specificity ,and draw the ROC curve to compare sensitivity and specificity between PCT and the other infectious indicators .Results The sensitivity and specificity of PCT were 87 .50% and 85 .71% respectively ,the positive pre‐dictive value(PPV) and negative predictive value(NPV)of it were 87 .50% and 85 .71% .However ,the sensitivity and specificity of CRP were 81 .25% and 83 .33% ,the PPV and NPV of it were 84 .78% and 79 .54% .The sensitivity and specificity of WBC were 68 .75% and 57 .14% ,the PPV and NPV of it were 64 .70% and 61 .53% .The sensitivity and specificity of IL‐6 were 93 .75% and 71 .43% ,the PPV and NPV of it were 78 .95% and 90 .91% .In addition to that ,the area under the ROC of PCT ,CRP ,IL‐6 and WBC ,which were 0 .859 ,0 .852 ,0 .803 and 0 .647 respectively .Conclusion Compared with the other 3 infectious indicators ,PCT has high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of neonatal bacterial infection diseases .Moreover ,the detection method of PCT is simple and feasible ,PCT could also provide laboratory basis for the diagnosis .

Relationship between HSP70 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to lung function injury of cock-oven workers / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>In this study, we investigate the relationship between HSP70 and lung function injury. To study on the feasibility of HSP70 genes polymorphisms as biological marker of the damage of pulmonary dysfunction susceptibility.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>183 cock-oven workers were selected as exposure groups and 143 workers unexposed workers were selected as control groups. We investigated their general information with uniform questionnaire. Pulmonary dysfunction indicators were determined using portable spirometer. HSP70-1 G190C, HSP70-2 A1267G, HSP70- hom T2437C genotypes were analyzed by using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. The haplotypes were calculated using PHASE 2.0 software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>VC%, FVC%, MVV%, FEV(1.0%) in exposed group were lower than in non-exposure group, the difference were significantly (P < 0.05). VC%, FVC%, MVV%, FEV1.0% in exposed group with HSP70-1, HSP70-2, HSP70-hom genotypes were lower than in non-exposure group (P < 0.05); FVC% in exposed group with HSP70-hom T/C genotypes were lower than that with HSP70-hom T/T genotypes, MVV% were lower than that with HSP70-hom T/T, C/C genotypes. There's no difference in pulmonary dysfunction index of HSP70-1, HSP70-2 genotypes (P>0.05), but significant difference between the exposed group with HSP70-1, HSP70-hom genotypes; The adjust OR (95%CI) of exposed group with HSP70-1 G/C genotypes and HSP70-homT/C genotypes were 2.516 (1.012 ∼6.252) and 2.284 (1.033∼5.053). Exposed group with CGT haplotype pulmonary dysfunction were significantly higher than in non-exposure group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Coke oven exposure may increase pulmonary dysfunction injury, Coke oven workers who have the HSP70-1 G/C genotypes, HSP70-hom T/C genotypes and CGT haplotypes may increase the susceptibility of pulmonary dysfunction. There must be some relationship between HSP70-1, HSP70-hom gene polymorphisms and lung function injury of Cock-oven Workers.</p>

Experiment of the ultrasound radiation force enhancement in adhesion of targeted microbubbles in vivo / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of ultrasound radiation force(USRF) on adhering of targeted microbubbles in vivo.Methods A rat model of cremaster muscle Inflammation was developed,and microbubble(MB) or targeted microbubble of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (MBICAM) was injected through the caudal vein.Immediately after intravenous MB or MBICAM injection,the cremaster was insonated for 5 minutes and the control group was in sham ultrasound exposure.All mice were divided into four groups randomly:① MB + false USRF; ② MB + USRF; ③ MBICAM + false USRF; ④ MBICAM + USRF.Fluorescence microscope was performed in twenty mice to evaluate microbubbles adhesion and video recordings were made with a high-resolution camera.Results The adhesion number of MBICAM was significantly greater in USRF group than that of MBICAM in false USRF group [(43.4 ± 2.1)/view vs (14.8± 1.8)/view,P =0.000].The adhesion number of MB in USRF group was greater than in false USRF group [(6.2 ± 1.3)/view vs (4.6 ± 0.9)/view].But there is no statistical significance (P =0.129).The adhesion number of MBICAM in both USRF group and false USRF group was significantly greater than the adhesion number of MB.Conclusions The ultrasound radiation force can significantly improve the adhesion of targeted microbubbles in vivo.

Influence of complement C1q on beta amyloid fibers-induced BV-2 microglia inflammation / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective The impact of complement Clq on inflammation in beta amyloidstimulated microglia.Methods After the cultured BV-2 microglial cells were treated with 100mg/L beta-amyloid fibers (fAβs),some of them were given C1q,others wcrc given C1q and C1qA.Then,interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α) in the supernatant and cell lysate were determined by the sandwich ELISA.Results A significant increase in TNF-α started at giving 50 nmol/L C1q after 100 mg/L fAβs (F =1177.27,P＜ 0.05),while the release of TNF-α was significantly suppressed by using 50 nmol/L C1qA on basis of this(P＜0.05).The level of IL-6 showed no above change.Conclusions C1q may enhance the inflammation of Aβ-induced BV-2 microglia cells and TNF-α may play important role in this effect.

Optimization of acoustic parameters of microbubble-enhanced ultrasound sonoporation for augmenting tumor cell permeability in vivo / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the appropriate acoustic parameters for augmenting the permeability of tumor cells using microbubble-enhanced ultrasound.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety intramuscular VX2 tumors grown in New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 4 parts by 4 factors, namely sound intensity, pulse width, insonation time and microbubble dose, each at different levels. Therapeutic ultrasound was delivered directly to the tumor surface during intravenous infusion of microbubbles. The tumor was excised after the treatment and sliced to investigate the change in tumor cell permeability using lanthanum nitrate electron microscopy. The appropriate acoustic parameters of the 4 factors were investigated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Sonoporation induced by microbubble-enhanced ultrasound augmented the permeability of the tumor cells, and the appropriate sound intensity, pulse width, insonation time and microbubble dose were 0.43 W/cm(2), 2.42 ms, 10 min, and 0.50 ml/kg, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Sonoporation induced by microbubble-enhanced ultrasound can induce pores in tumor cell membrane, which may potential increase the efficacy of tumor chemotherapy.</p>

Transoral carotid ultrasonography for detecting blood flow parameters of distal extracranial internal carotid artery in patients with moyamoya disease / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the clinical value of transoral carotid ultrasonography (TOCU) in the detection of the blood flow parameters of the distal extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) in patients with moyamoya disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fourteen patients with the diagnosis of moyamoya disease confirmed by digital subtractive angiography (DSA) underwent examination with conventional carotid ultrasonography of the proximal internal carotid artery (ICA). TOCU was performed to observe the distal extracranial ICA and the internal diameter, peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end-diastolic velocity (EDV) were measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients had unilateral moyamoya disease. Compared with the contralateral ICA, distal extracranial ICA showed a significantly reduced internal diameter, PSV and EDV (P<0.05). No significant differences were found in the internal diameter, PSV or EDV between the distal and proximal ICA on the diseased side. The internal diameter of the bilateral common carotid arteries (CCA) was similar, but the PSV and EDV were significantly lower in the contralateral CCA.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TOCU can provide information of the blood flow in the distal extracranial ICA to facilitate an accurate diagnosis of moyamoya disease.</p>

Value of transoral carotid ultrasonography in detecting the change of distal extracranial internal carotid artery with stenosis and occlusion in its initial segment / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To investigate the value of transoral carotid ultrasonography (TOCU) in detecting the change of distal extracranial internal carotid artery(ICA) with stenosis and occlusion in its initial segmen.Methods One hundred and ten patients with stenosis at least 50％ or occlusion in the initial segment of ICA diagnosed by high-frequency linear probe were enrolled as case group,while thirty two with healthy carotid arteries as control group.Both of the case and control groups were undergone high-frequency linear probe to examine CCA and the initial segment of ICA,and TOCU to observe their lumen transparency,color Doppler flow display and change of Doppler flow spectrum,even measuring the internal diameter,peak systolic velocity (PSV),end-diastolic velocity(EDV) and PSVICA/PSVCCA ratio,respectively.Digital subtraction angiography (DSA)were performed within two weeks,then compared with ultrasonography.Results 92.7％ patients were performed TOCU examination in case group and 93.8％ in control group.The internal diameter and PSV of the distal extracranial ICA became gradually smaller from control group to near occlusion group,and there were statistical significance between groups ( P ＜0.05),however,near occlusion group had no statistical significance compared with occlusion group( P ＞0.05).There were 80％ arteries having thrombus echo in occlusion group,and the others in this group having no thrombus had gloomy colour flow,even got low-velocity artery spectrum.Doppler flow spectrum of distal extracranial ICA showed characteristics of slow wave or single peak in near occlusion group,and spike shape or slow wave in 76.7 ％ arteries of 70％ ～near-occlusion stenosis group,but spike shape in 30.8％ arteries of 50％～69％ stenosis group,and the others were normal.Conclusions TOCU is useful for detecting the changing regularity of distal extracranial ICA with stenosis or occlusion in its initial segment and has the value of clinical application in association with high-frequency linear probe.

The intervention effects of fluoxetine hydrochloride on hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis function deficiency in patients with poststrok depression / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the intervention effects of fluoxetine on hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis function changes in post-stroke depression (PSD) patients.MethodsMild to moderate stroke patients were enrolled and blood T3,T4,FT3,FT4 and TSH were measured at day 0,1,7,14,21 and 3 months.At day 7,thyroid hormone releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation test were performed.After evaluated with the anxiety scale screening using the HAMD scale assessment at day 21,the subjects were divided into simple stroke subgroup ( ＜8 points,25 cases) and PSD sub-group ( ≥ 8 points,18 cases),with 16 healthy age and sex matched individuals as control group.In the 2nd stage,TRH stimulation test were performed in PSD patients before and after 7 days of fluoxetine administration.ResultsCompared with control group,stroke patients presented lower FT3 (P ＜0.05 ) and higher serum TSH (P ＜ 0.05) at day 0,1,7,14.Furthermore,PSD patients presented lower FT3,TSH levels and higher FT4 levels than simple stroke patients did(P＜0.05).At day 21 and month 3,T3,T4,FT3,FT4 and TSH levels in stroke patients were not different from those in control group(P ＞ 0.05).TRH test showed that the responses in PSD patients were lower than those in simple stroke patients( (2.65 ±0.42)μIU/ml vs (5.31 ±0.68 ) μIU/ml,P ＜ 0.05 ).Correlation analysis showed HAMD scores correlated with TSH level changes and TSH0 ～30 in PSD subgroup closely( r=0.35,0.25,P＜0.01 ).In the 2nd stage,TRH test showed that PSD patients who took fluoxetine presented a lower TSH level change than PSD patients who did not( (4.61 ± 2.02) μIU/ml vs (7.05 ± 2.12) μIU/ml,P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionPSD patients present a long and severe HPT axis function inhibition,which may due to TRH deficiency,and fluoxetine may improve this abnormality.

Association of radial arterial calcification damage with bone mineral density and bone metabolism biomarkers in uremia patients / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective To investigate the association of radial arterial calcification damage with bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism biomarkers in uremia patients.Methods Sixty-seven incident hemodialysis patients were recruited into uremic group.Serum creatinine,calcium,phosphorus,lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD were measured.Parathyroid hormone (iPTH),25OHD,1,25(OH)2D,fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 23,bone specific alkaline phosphates (BAP) and osteocalcin (BGP),type Ⅰ collagen pyridine crosslinked C-telopcptidc (ICTP) were detected.Radial artery calcification was analyzed by von Kossa staining and transmission electron microscopy.Arterial type Ⅰ collagen (Col Ⅰ) expression was examined.Twenty-three healthy cases received serum and BMD examination only as control.Results Uremic patients presented higher serum phosphate,iPTH,FGF23,lower serum calcium,25OHD,1,25 (OH)2D (all P ＜ 0.05),and lower lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD (all P ＜ 0.01) compared to controls.Significant calcium deposit was observed in radial arteries in 24 uremic cases (35.8％),including 10 cases of diabetes.Immunohistochemistric assay confirmed that Col Ⅰ expression increased around calcification site and electron microscope revealed that more calcium and phosphorus plaque attached among collagen fibers.No correlation was showed between iPTH and radial artery calcification (r =-0.08,P =0.306),but after stratified by iPTH levels,correlation of iPTH and calcification was found in low iPTH (＜ 150 ng/L) group and high iPTH group (＞ 300 ng/L) (r =-0.41,0.31,P=0.044,0.023).Diabetes,lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD,ICTP,FGF23 were correlated with arterial calcification (r =0.62,-0.25,-0.43,0.34,0.86,P =0.000,0.001,0.012,0.018,0.000).Multiple regression analysis showed femoral neck BMD,ICTP,FGF23 levels were independently associated with radial arterial calcification (β =-0.221,0.181,0.260,P =0.021,0.024,0.036).Conclusion In uremic patients,reduced BMD,abnormal bone turnover rate,especially accelerated bone reabsorption,and increased serum FGF23 level are independently associated with radial artery calcification.

Approach to the patient with parathyroid adenoma and thyroid remnant goiter / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Parathyroid adenoma is the main cause of primary hyperparathyroidism and often associated with thyroid nodular goiter.Thyrothymic thyroid rest belong to the ectopic thyroids which are classified into 4 grades according to the state of their connection with the proper neck thyroid gland.Thyrothymic thyroid remnant can also develop into nodular goiter and may be difficult to be distinguished from parathyroid adenoma.We present herewith the diagnosis and treatment of a rare case of parathyroid adenoma accompanied by thyrothymic thyroid remnant nodular goiter in order to remind clinicians of the attention to the thyrothymic thyroid remnant disease.

Effects of butylphthalide on memory and the apoptosis-related protein in hippocampus of vascular dementia rats / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To study the effects of butylphthalide (NBP) on memory and apoptosis related protein as well as neuronal pathology in hippocampus of vascular dementia (VD) rats. Methods VD model was generated by the permanent occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries in SD rats to produce the forebran ischemia. Male SD rats were randomly allocated into sham-operation group, VD model group, NBP treatment group and nimodipine treatment group. The function of memory was tested by the Morris water maze. The neuronal pathological changes and the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in the hippocampus were observed with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. Results The impaired memory of VD rats was proved by the lengthened mean escape latency [(78.79±21.93)vs.(16.96±7.44),P＜0.05] and the neuron in hippocampus was severely damaged. The decveased ratio of Bcl-2/Bax resulted from the overexpression of Bax proteins in VD model group versus the sham-operation group [(43.00±6.72)vs.(6.00±1.29),P＜0.05]. The treatment of NBP notably improved the memory function of VD rats and reduced the hippocampus pathological injury (P＜0.05). The expression of Bcl-2 protein raised [(33.14±8.05)vs.(21.81±4.97),P＜0.05] along with reduced expression of Bax protein [(32.93±4.99)vs.(43.00±6.72),P＜0.05] after NBP treatment. However, there was no significant difference in the treatment effects between nimodipine and NBP group (P＞0.05). Conclusions NBP treatment could improve memory of VD rats and reduce the hippocampus pathological lesion by inhibiting the apoptosis related protein.

Ultrasound imaging of acute renal allograft rejection with microbubbles targeted to intercellular adhesion molecule-1 / 中华超声影像学杂志

ObjectiveTo assess the feasibility of evaluation of renal allograft acute rejection in rat withcontrast-enhancedultrasound( CEUS )andtargetedmicrobubbles.MethodsPhospholipid microbubbles targeted to intercellular adhesion molecule -1 (ICAM-1)(MBI) and control microbubbles (MB) were created by conjugating monoclonal antibody against ICAM-1 or isotype control antibody to the lipid capsule via “avidin-biotin” bridging.Ten SD rats with acute renal allograft rejection were injected intravenous of MBI and MB in random order with a 30-min interval.After 3 min of intravenous injection of microbubbles,targeted CEUS imaging was performed in all rats.And then the video intensity (VI) was determined.ResultsIn MBI group,a significant ultrasonic enhancement was observed,but it was not very obvious in MB group.Increment in VI value of transplant kidney in MBI group was great and it amounted to (27.0 ± 7.4)U,however,increment in VI value of in MB group was minor and it was merely (10.2 ± 2.4) U,Difference was evident in transplant kidney between of the two groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Molecular imaging of ICAM-1 with targeted CEUS can evaluate renal allograft acute rejection effectively.

Appoach to the patient with parathyroid adenoma and primary biliary cirrhosis;diagnosis and treatment / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

In patient with primary biliary cirrhosis,the metabolism of calcium and vitamin D could be affected and osteomalacia and secondary hyperparathyroidism might occurr.Besides,hypoalbuminemia may mask the real level of serum calcium and thus lead to misdiagnosis of coexisting parathyroid adenoma.Therefore,a rare case of parathyroid adenoma associated with primary biliary cirrhosis was herewith presented to call attention to the effect of hypoalbuminemia on serum calcium.

Effects of insulin treatment on intracellular lipid metabolism in liver of diabetic rats / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The effects and the mechanism of insulin treatment on intracellular lipid metabolism in liver of diabetic rats were evaluated. Type 2 diabetic rats were induced by injecting the streptozotocin (25 mg/kg) and fat rich food. According to the results of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and glucose-induced insulin secretion test (IRT), the rats were divided into two groups: untreated group (UT) and insulin-treated group (IT). Normal rats (NC) served as controls. The treatment with either Humulin N (4--6 U/kg every day), or saline lasted for 4 weeks. Body weight, OGTT, IRT, blood lipids, intracellular lipids in liver, hepatic fatty acid oxidation and the activity of fatty acid synthase (FAS) were detected. The change of liver histology was observed. The insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was applied to assess the status of insulin resistance. The results showed that as compared with NC group, the plasma and hepatic intracellular Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and free fatty acids (FFAs) were increased significantly in UT group (P < 0.05), and lipid droplets could be seen dispersedly in the liver specimens, the hepatic fatty acid oxidation was increased markedly (P < 0.05), while the fatty acid synthase activity decreased (P < 0.05). Insulin treatment resulted in a further accumulation of lipids in liver by 55.7%, 19.87% and 22.2% increase in TG, TC, FFAs respectively. The size of hepatocytes was enlarged and the cells were filled with fat drops. Plasma lipids showed little decrease and still significantly higher than those in NC group after the insulin treatment. Meanwhile, insulin treatment was companied by 20% decrease in the rate of fatty acid oxidation and 31% increase in hepatic FAS activity compared to UT group. It was concluded that treatment with insulin on type 2 diabetic rat increases hepatic intracellular lipid accumulation by inhibiting hepatic fatty acid oxidation and activating FAS.

Effects of Insulin Treatment on Intracellular Lipid Metabolism in Liver of Diabetic Rats / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The effects and the mechanism of insulin treatment on intracellular lipid metabolism in liver of diabetic rats were evaluated. Type 2 diabetic rats were induced by injecting the streptozotocin (25 mg/kg) and fat rich food. According to the results of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)and glucose-induced insulin secretion test (IRT), the rats were divided into two groups: untreated group (UT) and insulin-treated group (IT). Normal rats (NC) served as controls. The treatment with either Humulin N (4-6 U/kg every day), or saline lasted for 4 weeks. Body weight, OGTT,IRT, blood lipids, intracellular lipids in liver, hepatic fatty acid oxidation and the activity of fatty acid synthase (FAS) were detected. The change of liver histology was observed. The insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was applied to assess the status of insulin resistance. The results showed that as compared with NC group, the plasma and hepatic intracellular Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and free fatty acids (FFAs) were increased significantly in UT group (P＜0.05), and lipid droplets could be seen dispersedly in the liver specimens, the hepatic fatty acid oxidation was increased markedly (P＜0.05), while the fatty acid synthase activity decreased (P＜0.05). Insulin treatment resulted in a further accumulation of lipids in liver by 55.7 %, 19.87 % and 22.2 % increase in TG, TC, FFAs respectively. The size of hepatocytes was enlarged and the cells were filled with fat drops. Plasma lipids showed little decrease and still significantly higher than those in NC group after the insulin treatment. Meanwhile, insulin treatment was companied by 20 % decrease in the rate of fatty acid oxidation and 31% increase in hepatic FAS activity compared to UT group. It was concluded that treatment with insulin on type 2 diabetic rat increases hepatic intracellular lipid accumulation by inhibiting hepatic fatty acid oxidation and activating FAS.